| Anatomy of a Commercial Import-Export Transaction |
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Buyers, Sellers and Physical Exchange of Goods |
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Why Export/Import? |
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Anatomy of Commercial Export/Import Transactions |
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| Trade Facilitation through Standards |
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A Contract = "A Meeting of the Minds" |
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The Need for Standards |
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"Trade Terms" |
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Transaction Time Schedule vs. Risk |
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Time vs. Risk Elements |
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Payment/Financial Risk |
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Physical Risks to Cargo during Shipping |
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| International Transaction Concerns and Requirements |
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Identity of Actual Supplier |
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Transportation |
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Origin Country Requirements |
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Destination Country Requirements |
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Risk Reduction though Cargo Insurance |
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| Incoterms: |
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History |
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Overview of Seller and Buyer Responsibilities Common to All Incoterms |
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Passage of Risk |
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Arranging Export Transportation and Contracts of Carriage |
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Required Notices |
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Additional Requirements and Concerns with Particular Terms |
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Initial Seller-Buyer Negotiation; Sales Quotations |
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| Payment Terms for International Transactions |
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Basic Concepts |
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A Spectrum of Payment Alternatives |
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Common Import-Export Payment Terms |
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Documentary Letters of Credit: Concept, Types and Benefits and Risks to the Parties |
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| Overview of International Supply Chains |
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| Cargo Transportation |
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Basic Concepts and Issues |
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Transportation Modes and Types of Carriers |
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Carrier-to-Shipper Relationship |
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Transportation Carrier Regulation; Tariffs |
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Transportation Rate Basis and Structure for Each Transportation Mode |
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| Cargo and Supply Chain Security |
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Introduction—Threats |
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Government Responses & Programs |
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Commercial Security Measures |
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| Commercial Shipping Risks |
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Shipping Risk Management—Physical and Commercial Risks |
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Carrier Liability |
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Introduction to Cargo Insurance, Obligations of the Insured |
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Cargo Loss and Damage Claims |
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